Ancient Egyptians has many skilled architects, engineers, carpenters, and sculptors. They use geometry and math to measure area, weight, volume and distances. Although their system of math is based on counting by 10's, there are no zeros in this system.
Ancient Egyptian doctors are the first to study the human body. They understandd that the pulse is connected to the heart. They also study the brain. These doctors are able to accurately set bones, properly care for wounds, and
treat diseases. Some doctors are specialist in a certain medical field, just like doctors today.
Ancient Egyptians work with copper tools originally, then change to bronze tools. Around 200 B.C., they change from bronze tools to iron tools. These tools are used to build the pyramids. They build them so sturdy and tight, that a piece of paper cannot slip between the rocks. They also use levers and ramps to move heavy objects.
The Ancient Egyptians are the first people to create the 365 day calendar. The calendar is based on the flooding of the Nile River. Unlike our modern calendar, however, the Egyptian Calendar has 10 days per week, and only 3 weeks per month. There are 4 months for each season, and only 3 seasons per year. The calendar also included 5 Holy days. Because they created the calendar, they are able to date much of their history.
Ancient Egyptians also develop two types of clocks to help them undertand time. They use the sun-dial and the water-dial. Stones are placed in a circle with a stick in the middle. The sun dial uses the position of the sun's rays to determine the time of day.
The water dial sits on a stand, and contains a pot filled with water on the top of the stand, and pot to catch the water on the bottom of the stand. The water drips from the pot through a little hole into the bottom pot. The time was measured by the amount of water in the pot. The biggest disadvantage of the water dial is that the water has to be constantly refilled. The biggest advantage is that it doesn't rely on the sun to tell time.
